General Tooth Decay FAQ'S Q: What Causes Tooth Loss? A: The most common causes of tooth loss are dental caries, also known as tooth decay, and periodontal disease, which affects the gums and bone structure that supports the teeth. Tooth decay is the main cause of tooth loss in children, and periodontal disease is the major cause of tooth loss in adults Q: What Causes Periodontal Diseases? A: Plaque, a thin, colorless, sticky film containing bacteria, which constantly forms on the teeth. These bacteria use carbohydrates—sugars and starches—to produce an acid that attacks the enamel covering the teeth. After repeated acid attacks, the enamel can be broken down and a cavity begins. Q: Can Periodontal Diseases Be Prevented? A: Teeth can be protected from acid attacks by removing plaque, lowering the number of times and the quantity of sugar and starches eaten, using fluorides, having plastic sealants applied to teeth, and by regular professional cleaning of teeth by a dental hygienist. Q: How Does Plaque Attack the Gums? A: Plaque can also produce harmful byproducts that irritate the gums, causing gingivitis, the early stage of periodontal diseases. If plaque isn’t removed daily, it will build up into a hard deposit called calculus. If plaque continues to form on top of the calculus, it can irritate the gums, and a pocket may develop between the teeth and gums. Q: How Do You Stop Plaque Attacks? A: Two key factors in preventing tooth decay are fluoride and dental sealants.. Plaque attacks can’t be stopped, but you can help to prevent plaque build-up by brushing, flossing, rinsing, and regular visits to your oral health care professional. Q: What is a dental hygienist? A: A dental hygienist is a licensed health care professional, who, as a co therapist with the dentist, provides preventive, educational, and therapeutic services supporting total health for the control of oral diseases and the promotion of oral health. Q: How many times a day should I brush my teeth? A: The ADA suggests brushing twice each day. Although there is research indicating that brushing once a day is sufficient to disrupt the formation of plaque that feeds the bacteria that cause decay, this may not be enough for some people. Q: What kind of toothpaste should I use? A: There are a lot of products to choose from, and much of the decision depends on individual preference. Fluoride toothpaste is essential for optimal oral health. Beyond that, your dental hygienist and dentist can alert you to any other features that make one product more suitable than another for you as an individual. Q: What is the best way to get my teeth whiter? A: Most people have teeth that are naturally darker than "pure" white. If you want them whiter, the best thing you can do is talk to your professional oral health care provider about your options. Q: When should a child have his or her first dental appointment? A: The American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry and the American Academy of Pediatrics recommend that a child have his or her first oral health care appointment around age one. ADHA suggests an oral health visit as soon as a baby's first tooth erupts. Q: How do I get rid of bad breath? A: That depends on what is causing it. Often, bad breath results from less-than-optimal oral health, and sometimes people are not aware that they are not performing oral hygiene as effectively as they could be. Sinus problems, stomach problems, certain foods and medications, and other factors can contribute to bad breath.